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Hand Analyses 2nd June, 2010
There’s an abundance of links on this page, here’s what they all mean: - Notations such as Bidding Quiz (North) are links to the weekly Bidding Quiz, a selection of the 15-20 most interesting bidding situations of the week. - Each week we pick out two or three hands which are suitable for presentation in problem format, as in Play Problem 203 (West), linking you to a page with only two hands on display. Solve the problem first, then see the solution and the entire deal. - Some analyses contain references to bidding conventions, and you’ll see links to articles in our Convention Library such as Roman Key Card - In BridgeOpedia we have categorized by theme the entire history of the most instructive Wednesday Game hands, two year’s worth. Occasionally you will see a purple arrow, linking to the relevant BridgeOpedia section. For example, in this week’s Board 11, Declarer encounters a Restricted Choice situation. Adjacent to the text for that hand you will see the link >>BRIDGEOPEDIA: “Restricted Choice”>> which will transport you to the collection of hands with the same theme.
What’s your choice in first seat with the North hand? - If North belongs to the school which thinks that good suits need to be bid then she may open 1♣. That may lead to the auction given above, which also turns out to be a small triumph for Support Doubles. When North does not redouble he denies three Hearts, and that makes it easier for South to sell out to 2♠. That’s the right choice as 2♠ and 3♥ are both down. - North might equally well open 3♣, but that is less successful as he’ll probably play it there and be down a couple. - Finally, North might pass. That’s our third favorite choice, but it could work out rather well on the actual deal. Now South will open 2♥, West will double, and E-W will probably end up in 2♠ (maybe even 3♠) going down.
West has five Hearts but is not good enough to compete with 2♥. However, he is good enough to compete with a Negative Double, and there is no crime against using a Negative Double with more than four Hearts. But, reverse the majors so that South overcalls 1♥ and West has five Spades, and West will, of course bid 1♠ (showing a 5-card suit, and not promising a lot in the way of high-card values).
The bottom line on this deal is as follows: - East can make 3♣, but to do so he must play on Diamonds immediately, setting up a ruff in Dummy. - South can make 3♠, thanks to the remarkably accommodating Heart situation, but she probably won’t. Rather than play East to hold a singleton Heart honor, it seems more likely that Declarer will double-hook, playing West for ♥QJxx(x).
South might have been slightly tempted to take a bid, but Pass looks right to us. The play looks devilishly complicated added to which it is difficult to guess what West’s opening lead will be. So we are punting on this one, other than to say that it looks like 8 tricks.
Here we have our fourth straight part-score hand, and in the auction above East did well to: (a) to open 1♠ and not 2♠ (b) to pass West’s 1NT response.
1NT makes precisely seven tricks (five Spades and the minor suit Aces), and 2♠ makes the same tricks for down one. As for N-S, they can make 2♣ or 2♦ but it is hard to see how they can get into the auction.
What do you think of West’s 1NT opening bid? Sure, it’s a tad off-shape, but the alternative is to open 1♣ and risk a serious rebid problem if Partner responds 1♠. Now you won’t be happy (or least you shouldn’t be) with any of these options: (a) reversing into 2♥ (the hand is not good enough), (b) a rebid of 2♣ (the hand is too good), (c) a rebid of 3♣ (the hand does not have enough Clubs). So, a 1NT opening it is.
Now, swap the Hearts and Spades, giving West 4=2=2=5 distribution. Is that still a 1NT opener? It could be, opening 1NT does sometimes have a tactical benefit. On the other hand, there is no potential rebid problem with this shape, and therefore no objection to opening 1♣.
After that bidding there’s not much point in North leading a Heart (no side-suit entries, and the intermediates are lacking), so we suppose that she might try the Diamond Nine, won by Declarer’s Jack. Once the ♣A has been dislodged, Declarer has 9 cashing tricks. Is there a 10th? Actually, no, unless the defense discards (very) badly on the run of the Clubs.
South might well have passed 1♦, praying for a balancing Double, and it’s true that 1♦ doubled goes for a number (probably 500, more than a N-S game) but there are two small impediments to collecting that fine score. Firstly, North will not double with that hand, he will bid some number of Clubs … secondly, even if North did (most bizarrely) double, West will escape to Spades. Anyway, our own choice is to overcall 1NT here, undeterred by the singleton Club.
After the 1NT overcall, what do you do with the North hand? It seems highly unlikely that 4♥ is the place to be, so North might try a transfer to Clubs (assuming that this is available). Let’s say that 2♠ is North’s way of transferring to Clubs, and let’s further say that South makes the bid that says “I don’t like Clubs” (for most, this bid would be 3♣). Now what should North do? Our suggestion is to bid 3♠, which is commonly played as showing shortness. This will provoke South into bidding 4♣ (he doesn’t like his Spade holding, at least not for No Trump), after which North will push on to 5♣.
5♣ works out just fine, it’s 11 easy tricks. And, yes, 3NT would have not worked well, Declarer has only 8 tricks. And, who would have guessed it, the winning contract is 4♥! Against all expectations (looking at the North hand), 4♥ makes 10 tricks and scoops the pool!
We don’t think that South should be preempting with that outside Ace, to say nothing of 10 top tricks. So, she opens 1♦, then tries 5♦ next time around. That contract is down one provided that E-W help each other on the run of the Diamonds. The defense plays Spades, Declarer ruffs the second round, and rattles off all of her trumps except one: - East must let West know that he has Hearts guarded. One way would be to pitch the ♥9 (assuming this is an attitude signal, not count) … but perhaps a better way to signal is to pitch his highest Spade at the first opportunity. As this will be an honor it should wake up West to the fact that East is giving suit preference. - Knowing that East has the Hearts stopped, West can pitch away all his Hearts.
It will come down to a 4-card ending, but the defense gets two more tricks (and sets the contract) if East avoids the trap of coming down to a singleton ♣K and three Hearts. He shouldn’t, by the time East has to make his last two pitches he will know that Declarer is void in Hearts (West having pitched three of them), so East can come down to a high Spade, ♥K, and ♣Kx. Now nothing bad can happen to the defense.
Some Light Relief We cannot see South letting East play in 4♠ (which makes if played from the East side), but suppose that East is extremely ambitious and pushes on to 5♠. As South what is your opening lead? A low Diamond is awfully tempting, if only for the sheer fun of it if the lead actually works! Alas it doesn’t when Dummy shows up with the nine and 5♠ makes. But, after the game, at least South has a good story to tell as she is crying into her beer.
Against 2NT North leads the ♦K which South is obliged to win with her Ace. Now whatever South does, Declarer romps home with nine tricks (four Spades, a Heart and four Clubs). That was a very lucky game and shame on those E-W pairs that bid it! All it needed was for Dummy’s Queen and Jack both to be worth a trick, and for the Diamonds to be blocked, and for the ♥A to be onside!
E-W will presumably play this one in 4♠. Will they make it after the opening lead of the ♥Q? The answer is “Yes!” and, to find out how, you will have to go to the Play Problem.
After East opens 1♠, how do you respond as West? When we bid 2/1 we like to have a 5-card suit, but that’s not always possible. With that 2=4=4=3 distribution, West cannot raise Spades and has no suitable No Trump bid available. That narrows the options down to 2♦ or 2♥. The Heart suit is stronger, does that mean that 2♥ is the right call? No, it does not! If we have to lie (about having a 5-card suit) then let us do it in the minors. Bidding 2♥ should show a 5-card suit here, and so we do our fudging with a 2♦ bid.
Next, let us assume that E-W are playing a 2/1 style. In that case, West has these choices over 2♠: - 3NT: This is generally played as showing 15-17, which West certainly has. But the Club holding looks potentially perilous, and the hand has such great controls that slam is possible. - 4♠: No, definitely not! Partner may have only 5 Spades and have been stuck for a rebid. Furthermore, bidding 4♠ shows a minimum hand, and West is far from minimum and has superb (slammish) controls. - 3♠: In the 2/1 scheme of things this is forcing. It doesn’t limit the hand, nor does it commit E-W to play in Spades. It keeps all options open, which is exactly the right thing to do, as West is far from sure where this one is headed.
This is turning out to be quite a tortured auction because, and after West’s 3♠ there is yet more angst for East! He now knows that the hand will be played in Spades and must decide whether to make a slam try along the way. East has a minimum hand, at least in terms of HCP, but he does have some fitting Diamond honors and that Club singleton. Take your pick on this one! But, if you do choose to cue-bid, we suggest 4♦ and not 4♣, as we suspect that knowledge of the Diamond fit is more likely to help Partner.
OK, just how good is the slam? It’s so-so. Let’s hope (for the sake of the defense) that South avoids the disastrous trump lead and starts out with a Heart. Dummy’s Ace wins that, and the ♠J is led, covered by the King and Ace. Now, back to Dummy with a Club, then a losing trump finesse. South continues with Hearts, again won in Dummy. A Club is ruffed and all of Declarer’s Spades are played. Declarer is hoping that someone is being squeezed in the red suits but that turns out not to be the case. The ♦K and ♦Q are cashed, and Declarer notes the fall of the Jack and Nine from North. Should Declarer finesse the Diamonds now, playing South to have started with Txxx? We think so! There are Restricted Choice considerations here … with ♦JT9, North had numerous different ways to play the suit … with ♦J9 doubleton he didn’t. So, Declarer takes the finesse and 12 tricks it is! >>BRIDGEOPEDIA: “Restricted Choice”>>
North’s 2♦ was a pretty sound overcall, but she gets caught for a sizeable penalty anyway. 2♦ doubled is at least 500, perhaps 800.
If E-W play 3NT instead then East will be Declarer. A Club lead holds Declarer to 9 tricks, with any other lead it’s 10 tricks.
Another messy little part-score hand. N-S can squeak out 2♥, and can beat West’s 3♦ doubled contact by one trick. But it will be a close-run thing and North must defend perfectly. She starts out by leading the ♦A, then a small Diamond. Declarer plays the ♣K to North’s Ace and now North’s only safe exit is a low Heart. Eventually the defense will score a second Spade trick to go with those Aces.
East might have doubled 1♦, but the hand is minimum and has the defect of only a doubleton Club. We could go either way on this one, that’s how accommodating we are. If East does pass, then South will also, after which what would you do in the balancing seat with the West hand? We think that the answer should be a jump to 2♠. What does that show? It’s not a weak hand, obviously, with that West could simply pass. The common treatment for that 2♠ bid is an opening hand (or a really good Weak Two) with six Spades. But not too strong, typically a hand that would have opened 1♠ and rebid 2♠.
After a 2♠ bid, we don’t blame East for zooming into game, as he’s expecting any missing high Hearts to be well placed. But, unfortunately for E-W, the ♥Q is off-side and 4♠ is down one.
As East is a passed hand, let’s assume that his 2♣ was Drury, showing game-invitational values and Spade support. Actually, let’s assume that it was Reverse Drury, which is the flavor most commonly in use these days. At this point, West can bid: - Either 2♠, saying “I doubt whether my hand can make game opposite a passed hand”. - Or, 4♠, saying “I think we can make game” - Or, something else. We’d characterize West’s hand as “something else”. If the ♣Q were more gainfully employed in one of the other suits then we’d bid game directly, but as it is we’d bid 2♦ saying “I’m not sure about game, but I do have a half-decent hand and something in Diamonds” If West does bid 2♦, that will improve East’s hand and he will be the one that leaps to game.
North has a pretty obvious ♥Q opening lead after which Declarer will make 9 or 11 tricks, and nothing in between. Declarer wins this and must guess who has the ♠Q. There won’t be any clues, so the natural way to play the suit is to lead to the ♠K and finesse against South … this is preferable to finessing the other way because it allows Qxxx in the South hand to be picked up. But, alas, the ♠Q wins a trick and the defense cashes out for down one.
A hyper-active South might have doubled the Drury bid for a Club lead. Not a good idea! If that 2♣ had been bid in a Stayman auction then perhaps a Double would have some merit because there is a chance that the opponents will play in 3NT and that a Club lead will be helpful. But here E-W are destined to play in Spades and it’s far from obvious that a Club lead is required, added to which the information imparted by the Double may well help Declarer.
If South does make that foolish Double then North will dutifully lead a low Club, and it won’t be obvious that South should shift to a low Heart. Looking at those dangerous Diamonds she may well continue Clubs, for fear that Declarer can draw trumps and pitch a Club loser on the Diamonds. So South returns a Club to North who now has an obvious Heart shift. Now, after taking the ♥A, Declarer has two lines of play: - Either, guess the trumps and pray for 3-2 Diamonds (11 tricks if both suits come in, only 9 if either one doesn’t). - Or, postpone trumps, and instead cash ♦K, ♦A, pitch a Diamond on Dummy’s ♣J, and lead the ♦Q. On the actual hand it is South who has the short Diamonds and whether she ruffs that trick or not Declarer has 10 tricks without even guessing the ♠Q. And if North is the one with two Diamonds? Then Declarer is down one. We like the second line, all the more so as it is the one that actually works. >>BRIDGEOPEDIA: “DrawingTrumpsOrNot”>>
North does not have enough to invite game, so South will likely play this in 1NT. Declarer will make 8 or 9 tricks.
Some exuberant Easts may notice the vulnerability and have DONT in their arsenal but that’s a weapon which backfires on this deal. East bids 2♣, West bids 2♦, and North knows exactly what to do! 2♦ doubled goes for 300 or 500 which is less than the value of a N-S game. But as nobody is going to bid that game, the penalty will earn E-W a zero (or close to it).
At this vulnerability West is advised not to open a Weak Two with such a poor hand and such a ratty suit. North has no such inhibitions, though … the vulnerability is in her favor … and her hand is better (look at those lovely trump intermediates!).
Moving on to the South hand. She’ll be interested in slam, realizing that all Partner needs is the ♠K and a red Ace for slam to have at least a play. N-S may be playing the “Feature” follow-up in Weak Two auctions, but that won’t help much here, because if Partner has the ♥K that will be a useless card. So, it looks like Roman Key Card is called for. However, bidding 4NT here might get N-S too high … picture Partner with neither red Ace, and a nasty Diamond lead through South’s hand. For this reason, opposite a Weak Two, some pairs play 4♣ as Roman Key Card, and that works well on the actual deal, allowing N-S to stop in 4♠. While we are on the subject, we could also mention that some pairs also use revised Key Card responses, namely 01122 (zero KC’s … one KC without the Queen of trumps … one KC with … two without … two with).
Anyway, let’s say that North stop in 4♠. That will turn out to be a triumph for the above methods, at least in theory. But, as it happens, the ♦A is onside and 11 tricks are always there (12 if East fails to lead a red card at Trick 1).
South is not quite good enough to double 1♦ and later bid Hearts, so she makes a bulky overcall instead. East makes a Support Double showing three Spades, South redoubles to show some extra values, and North competes to 3♥ based on her extra trump.
The bottom line is both sides can make 8 tricks, with little or no chance for more or less.
After North balances with 2♥ we are not sure what East should do. She might try a Negative Double which will get E-W to three of a minor, down two. The good news is that they will probably be undoubled, in which case their -100 will beat all the E-W pairs who defended 2♥ for -110.
North has a difficult rebid. 2♥ here would be Fourth Suit Forcing, and is played by most as forcing to game. Considering that the hand is beginning to look like a misfit, we don’t think that the North hand is strong enough to force to game, so, in the circumstances, we suggest that North bids 2NT, giving up on the Heart suit and simply inviting game.
As is common in misfit hands, the play is labyrinthine. We’ll predict 8 tricks and leave it there.
As on the previous hand, Fourth Suit Forcing gets in the way of the N-S auction. The common treatment, after North rebids 1♥, is: - 1♠ is Fourth Suit Forcing, denying four Spades. - 2♠ is also game-forcing, and shows four (or more) Spades. That being so, South bids 2♠, planning, if necessary, to rebid Spades and confirm her 5-6 shape.
As it happens, North raises Spades, and 4♠ is the final contract. That will make 11 tricks provided that the defense grabs its Club at Trick 1.
North sensibly raises Hearts and South will probably scramble 7 tricks. E-W appear to have 8 tricks in Clubs. A less than thrilling deal.
As on the previous board, Opener raises with 3-card support. This time there are 8 tricks available, provided that Declarer remembers to ruff two Clubs in Dummy early in the play.
East has a pretty good hand opposite a 2♣ opening, but standard methods will prevent him from showing his Clubs … initially, the suit is just not good enough for a 3♣ response … and the next time around 3♣ won’t be available as a natural bid as this usually shows a “second negative” (a rotten hand, in plain English). Our East decided to bid 2NT, despite the Heart weakness, at least that is a bid which does not consume bidding space, and it shows some values. Bidding 3♦ instead is also tempting, at least that is where East’s stuff is.
After West rebids his Spades, East is happy to play in that suit. But his hand is too good simply to bid 4♠, he must try for slam. It would be misguided to charge into Roman Key Card here, better to bid 4♦ instead. This cannot be long Diamonds (East would have bid 3♦ earlier), it has to be a cue-bid in support of Spades.
After 4♦, West does not have a convenient way to explore the grand slam so settles for 6♠. That is just as well, as it happens. 7♠ is a 73% contract, but the 5-0 break derails it and puts even 6♠ in jeopardy. Go to the Play Problem to see how West makes 6♠. No doubt you can guess the theme right away, but there is still careful timing required.
It seems that this is South’s day for really long Diamond suits (see also Board 7), and, much to her surprise, all three players in front of her pull out the Pass card. Here are two approaches to bidding this hand: - The Scientific Approach: South opens 1♦ to see what North has to say. After all, she only needs the black Aces from North for slam to be cold. That’s all very well, but does anybody have any idea what South’s second bid is supposed to be? - The Neanderthal Approach: In 1st or 2nd seat, if the Gambling 3NT is being played, it is customary for that bid to deny an outside Ace or King (and maybe even deny a Queen), but in 3rd and 4th seat all bets are off, and South might decide to roll the dice with a 3NT opening, giving up on slam but also giving away nothing to the opponents.
We admit to being Neanderthal dice-rollers, and that could work out rather well on the actual hand. After a 3NT opening has advertised a source of tricks, West might lay down the ♣A at Trick 1, in order to take a look at Dummy. That’s not good for the defense, as it only serves to set up Declarer’s 11th trick. But, if South conducts a more leisurely auction before settling into 3NT then West will probably lead a Spade. After that lead Declarer can only make 11 tricks if she is prepared to risk her contract … but having done well in the auction by deciding to play in 3NT instead of 5♦, Declarer is more likely to grab her 10 tricks.
South does not have much of a 2♣ overcall, but the vulnerability is right and she would really like North to find an opening Club lead. As it happens, it is East who declares 3NT. South leads the ♣K and North discourages (denying the Queen). Now South must shift, rather than set up an extra Club trick for Declarer, and the obvious choice is a Heart. Dummy’s ♥A wins and the ♦J is successfully finessed. At this point, one possibility for Declarer would be a low Diamond to the King, cash the ♥K, and finesse the ♠T. The problem with that line is that Declarer won’t know what to pitch on the ♥K … a potential Spade winner … or unguard the Clubs (risking disaster if South has the ♠J)?
A Better Line! When the ♦9 appears on the first round, if Declarer assumes that this is not a bizarre false card, he can lead the Diamond Ten to Dummy’s King, finesse the ♠T, cross to Dummy’s might Eight, and score 10 tricks the safe way. Very nicely done! >>BRIDGEOPEDIA: “BlockingAndUnblocking”>>
North’s hand is awfully close to a 3♠ rebid, at least for us, we’ve always been a sucker for those 6-4 hands. This is a hand where you don’t want be a sucker, though, as Dummy will turn out to be quite pitiful and even making 8 tricks is iffy. Fortunately for Declarer, the trumps are 3-3 and, although Dummy is woefully short of entries, the defense will have to help Declarer along the way. 8 tricks.
We don’t know about you, but we think that a 1NT opening by South is somewhat tempting. Of course there is that small matter of the Club singleton, but opening 1NT does avoid the rebid problem that would arise if North responds 1♠. However, opponents can get a bit sniffy about such 1NT openings, so our South is less controversial and opens 1♦. North’s 3NT has the benefit of concealment, but the Spade situation looks rather dangerous, she might well have tried 2♣ instead.
If North declares 3NT then East probably leads a Club, and it’s 11 easy tricks.
If South declares 3NT then West leads a Spade to East’s Ace and Declarer false cards with the Eight and plays the Queen on the second round. A sleepy and gullible West might play East to have started with ♠A74 and duck the Spade to preserve communications. Not a good idea.
North’s sequence strongly suggests 5-6 distribution, eventually N-S stumble into 5♦ and East leads a low Club won by West’s King. Next, West cashes the ♥K, and exits safely with a Spade. Now this contract makes if Declarer can guess the Diamonds. Will she? She surely should. The play at Trick 1 placed the ♣AK with West, and at Trick 2 he also became marked with ♥AK. That’s 14 HCP and it is safe for Declarer conclude that West does not have ♦Qx, that would give him 16 HCP and a 1NT opening. But he might have the singleton ♦Q, so Declarer cashes the ♦A in her hand, and then confidently runs the ♦J around. Nicely counted for 11 tricks!
Now, let’s try again, this time with more subtle defense. East leads a Club, as before, but this time West wins with the Ace! Tricky play, he’s trying to create the illusion of someone without the ♣K. Next, West cashes the ♥K, and, being a dastardly fellow (and trusting Declarer to be 5-6), he reverts to Clubs. A low Club! Declarer ruffs, of course, and will conclude that West does not have the ♣K and furthermore that West needs the ♦Q for his opening bid. So, there’s no reason to finesse against East and Declarer goes down one! Devious stuff, eh? >>BRIDGEOPEDIA: “Deceptive Defence">>
Not everyone will open 2♥, perhaps they will object to the 4-card Spade suit, or the moderate Hearts, or the bright red vulnerability, or even the void. Others will say “Phooey!” to all that and will jump right in. We are jumpers ourselves, but we are not entirely convinced by South’s (preemptive) raise to 3♥, those black Queens look more useful on defense than offense. Anyway, the auction above certainly puts West on the spot. The winning call is 3NT, after which North leads a Heart, Declarer guesses the Clubs correctly to get to 9 tricks and then reaches 11 when the ♠Q is obligingly doubleton.
However, West may double 3♥, causing East to play 4♣ or an optimistic 5♣. Playing in Clubs, 11 tricks are possible but 10 are more likely.
As North, what is your call here? - 4♥? Leaps to game are usually preemptive in competition, but here it is West who is doing the preemption, so 4♥ in this auction would be serious. That makes 4♥ a possible bid here. - 3♠? That would show a good hand (usually with Heart support), but here it would allow East to double for a Spade lead. - 4♣? That’s the ticket! “Surely” is a dangerous word in bridge, but surely this is a splinter (it can hardly be a preempt over their preempt).
The Play in 4♥: Whichever of those three bids is chosen, 4♥ will be the contract, and (unless guided by a Spade Double from Partner) West will lead the ♦Q. Dummy wins that and leads a Club, East flies with the Ace (instead of bravely and smoothly ducking, perhaps while stifling a yawn) and returns a Spade. Declarer wins, cashes the ♣K (pitching a Spade) and merrily cross-ruffs her way to 12 tricks. It’s only 11 tricks with a Spade lead of course.
How about North’s 4-card overcall? It’s fairly well-known by now that this is often a good stratagem when (a) you have a good suit, and (b) you have length in RHO’s suit (the rationale is that, even if N-S end up in a 4-3 fit, the Club ruffs will be in the short hand). And, yes, West might have balanced when 2♥ came around (but even if he does, N-S will push on to 3♥). But, whatever twists and turns the auction takes, we expect N-S to play in a major suit part-score. Nine tricks in either case, though the play, like the bidding, will have some twists and turns.
Earth to South! We don’t know about you, but we would hate to pass South’s Spade suit in first seat. At any other vulnerability it would be a capital offense … but Red against White is is merely wimpish. Looks like a 2♠ bid to us.
South’s vulnerability-induced 3♠ was, er, how should we put this, hmm, yes, that’s it, the word we are looking for is “enterprising”. South’s bold stroke allowed North to push E-W up to the 5-level, but to no avail as, playing in 5♥, West has 11 easy tricks (we assume that North will cash her ♦A in time). In fact, N-S even have a good save in 5♠ (that is down two doubled for -300), but we have all been taught that the 5-level belongs to the opponents. Well, it does most of the time, anyway.
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